نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و هشتم شماره 3 (پیاپی 158، امرداد و شهریور 1402)

Considering the importance of pain reduction and recovery of episiotomy and faster return of mothers to daily activities and the lack of existing studies on the effect of the combined gel of Halepah-Aloe vera after episiotomy, therefore the purpose of the present study was to determine and evaluate the effect of Teucrium polium plus Aloe vera gel on episiotomy wound healing, pain intensity and patient’s satisfaction in primiparous women

The present randomized, blinded clinical trial study was conducted on 100 participants in Bandar Abbas Persian Gulf Hospital, Iran. Aloe vera gel combined or placebo gel was prescribed twice in the episiotomy wound site for 10 days in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The outcome variables included pain and wound healing with the Rida scale (the amount of redness, edema, ecchymosis, secretions and the proximity of the edges of the episiotomy wound), patients' satisfaction, and the evaluation of side effects. The collected data were analyzed using chi-square and t-test statistical tests.

The results indicated that the two groups had a statistically significant difference in terms of the Rida score on the fourth and tenth day after delivery (p<0.05). The group of Helepe-Aloe vera combined gel had better wound healing time than placebo. Moreover, in the case of pain, there was a statistically significant lower score in the group of Helpeh-Aloe vera combined gel on the fourth day (5.80±1.34 vs. 6.79±1.42) and the tenth day (1.71±0.88 vs. 91 2.58±0.05) after delivery compared to placebo (p<0.05). The results of the study show that patient satisfaction on the fourth day (3.45±1.17 vs. 5.42±1.37) and the tenth day (1.33±0.57 vs. 2.50±1.21) after Delivery was significantly better compared to placebo (p<0.05).

The findings of this study indicated that the combined gel of Halpa-Aloe Vera improved episiotomy wound, better patient satisfaction and less pain intensity compared to the placebo.

Pain is an unpleasant sensation. Studying natural pain reliever compounds can be beneficial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the analgesic effects of Alpha Pinene in writing and plantar pain tests in rats.

In the present experimental study conducted in 2019, 30 male Wistar rats (270±30 gr) were used as case subjects. The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups; the first group: normal saline administered intraperitoneally (IP), the second group: diclofenac sodium administered IP at a dose of 5 mg/kg, the third group: alpha pinene administered IP at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg. The fourth group: alpha pinene administered IP with a dose of 5 mg/kg, and the fifth group: alpha pinene administered IP with a dose of 10 mg/kg. Afterwards, the writing tests and plantar test (five groups for each test) were conducted. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS version 16 statistical tests.

The results indicated that in the writing test, the number of abdominal twists in the groups which received alpha pinene were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, in the writing test, diclofenac sodium 5 mg decreased pain intensity compared to the control group (P<0.05). In the plantar test, the pain intensity in the groups that received alpha pinene 5 mg/kg and diclofenac sodium 5 mg was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).

Alpha-pinene in doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg of body weight could decrease the severity in the visceral pain model of writing test like diclofenac sodium with a dose of 5 mg. Furthermore, during 30 and 60 minutes in the plantar test, alpha pinene with a dose of 5 mg/kg was able to reduce the pain caused by heat compared to the control group, like diclofenac sodium with a dose of 5 mg.

Considering the importance of the skin in regulating the temperature and maintaining body fluids and its prominent role in the defense system, it is important to improve any discontinuity in the skin, which is called a wound. Although limited and superficial wounds heal by themselves, the treatment of deep wounds requires drug therapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine and prepare a topical cream containing the extract of the sumac plant (Rhus Coriaria L) and compare its effect with phenytoin in healing skin wounds in an animal model.

 In the present study conducted in 2021-2022, twenty-five New Zealand laboratory rabbits, with the weight range of 2500-3000 grams, were obtained from central animal house, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. The rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: I) Control Group; II) Receiving Phenytoein cream (1%) as the medical therapy; III) Receiving the placebo cream base; IV) Receiving therapeutic cream containing standardized sumac extract (0.1% of tannic acid); and V) Receiving therapeutic cream containing standardized sumac extract (0.05% of tannic acid). Then, a wound, with dimension of 2*2 cm, was induced in the back of any rabbits and the appropriate topical therapy was administered twice daily on the rabbits. The effectiveness of therapy using creams containing sumac extract was determined using the extent of wound healing and the level of hydroxyproline. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).

It was demonstrated that each one gram of standardized extract contained 2.74±0.86 milligram of tannic acid. The data achieved from the study, including the determination of hydroxyl-proline levels, percentage of wound healing, and the duration of remission, demonstrated significant efficiency in treatment with sumac-containing creams (either 0.1% or 0.05%). Histological studies revealed more condensed collagen fibrils and more reduction of inflammation cells in treatment groups receiving sumac-containing cream (either 0.01% or 0.05%) compared with the control group.

Sumac-containing creams, due to anti-oxidative properties and enhancing synthesis of hydroxyl-proline, can condense collagen fibrils which consequently cause improved wound healing.

The family is the place to satisfy various physical, intellectual and emotional needs, and having awareness of biological and psychological needs and knowing how to satisfy them and being equipped with techniques and recognizing biological and psychological tendencies is an undeniable necessity. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of teaching emotion management strategies based on emotionally focused couple therapy (EFT) and schema-based couple therapy on couples' communication patterns.

The present semi-experimental study used a pre-test and post-test design and follow-up with a control group. The studied community included all couples with marital dissatisfaction who referred to the psychological clinic of Tankabon, Iran, to solve their problems; And the research sample included 45 couples who were selected by purposeful sampling and were randomly divided into three experimental groups: 1 (15 couples), 2 (15 couples) and control (15 couples). The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of teaching emotion management strategies based on emotion-oriented couple therapy (EFT) and schema-based couple therapy on communication patterns of couples. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA, Shapiro-Wilk, Lunn, Bonferroni and Greenhouse tests.

The results indicated that training emotion management strategies based on emotion-oriented couple therapy (EFT) and schema-based couple therapy increased communication patterns compared to the control group (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the effectiveness of teaching emotion management strategies based on emotion-oriented couple therapy (EFT) and schema-based couple therapy on communication patterns of couples in the post-test and follow-up stages (P<0.05). And teaching emotion management strategies based on emotion-oriented couple therapy approach was more effective than schema-based couple therapy in communication patterns of couples.

As a result, emotion training and self-awareness training is an effective method in increasing communication patterns of couples.

Due to the fact that women are among the vulnerable groups of the society and have special characteristics in the field of health and treatment issues, for this reason it is necessary to know their needs and try to solve them. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine and the effectiveness of a web-based physical activity course on the level of physical literacy and body image tolerance strategies in overweight middle-aged women with a two-month follow-up.

The present semi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-test-post-test with an experimental group and a control group in 2021. Twenty-four overweight women with an age range of 40-60 years were selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups after the pre-test. Participants in the experimental group participated in an eight-week web-based exercise program. The program consisted of 10 minutes of warm-up, 40 minutes of the main body of the training including resistance and endurance exercises with moderate intensity and finally 10 minutes of cool-down exercises. The collected data were analyzed using Mixed ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc test.

 The results indicated that the effect of physical exercise training program on the levels of physical literacy and its components was significant and the participants in the experimental group had better performance than the control group in the post-test and follow-up stages (p<0.05). Moreover, regarding body image coping strategies, the results indicated the superiority of the experimental group over the control group in the post-test and follow-up stages (p<0.05).

The results of the present study revealed that 8 weeks of holistic physical activity based on the web has positive effects on the level of physical literacy and body image coping strategies in overweight middle-aged women. Therefore, physical activity is recommended for overweight middle-aged women to improve physical literacy and body image coping strategies.

Colonoscopy is the main method of colon examination. Acceptable bowel preparation plays an effective role in examining the bowel. Diagnosis and treatment of colon polyps or non-bulging lesions such as vascular malformations and serrated polyps depend on the degree of intestinal cleanliness at the time of assessment. On the other hand, insufficient preparation makes the evaluation more difficult, the evaluation is incomplete, increases the time of colonoscopy and the need to repeat the procedure, and this increases the cost. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine and prepare the large intestine for colonoscopy with pidrolox produced in Iran with and without Senagraf syrup in two centers affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.

In the present prospective, double-blind descriptive study conducted in 2016 on 273 patients in need of non-emergency colonoscopy referred to Shahid Motahari and Shahid Faqihi clinics of Shiraz, Iran, 227 patients were randomly selected into two drug (111) and control groups. (116) were categorized and studied. The effect of adding Senagraf to pidrolox manufactured in Iran with pidrolox along with placebo on the level of intestinal readiness (based on Ottawa scoring) in eligible patients (20-78 years old) who were willing to enter the study was investigated and compared. Collected data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square statistical tests.

The average score of intestinal cleanliness in whole and as well by different parts, in the drug group, was lower than the control group, which confirms better preparation (p=0.001). Compared to older people, younger people had cleaner intestines (p=0.001). The level of bowel preparation in female patients was also better than male patients (p=0.001). The travel time from the rectum to the cecum and the return time from the cecum to the rectum were significantly less than the control group (p=0.001). No significant side effects were observed in both groups.

Adding senna to Iranian polyethylene glycol (PEG) before colonoscopy increased bowel preparation and reduces colonoscopy time, without causing additional side effects.

In recent years, violence against women has been an important problem in developing and developed countries; In such a way that the World Health Organization has declared domestic violence as a public health epidemic. Violence against women is a complex social phenomenon with psychological, physical, and moral damage. Hence, the present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of domestic violence and its related factors in married women aged 18-49 years in Yasuj, Iran.

The present cross-sectional (descriptive-analytic) study was conducted by simple random sampling, with 384 married women aged 18-49 years with a minimum of one-year marriage were enrolled from four urban health centers. Data were collected using demographic and domestic violence (33 questions in physical, verbal, emotional and financial aspects) questionnaires. Data were analyzed by the SPSS 23 software using descriptive and analytic (logistic regression) statistics.

The mean age of women was 29.32 ± 5.89 years, the mean age of marriage was 21.55 ± 4.20 years. The mean age and marriage age of the husbands were 33.92 ± 6.62 and 26.47 ±4.28 years, respectively. About 90 women had experienced domestic violence during their lifetime. The most common types of violence were verbal (80), emotional (73), financial (48) and physical (22), respectively. The most common form of verbal violence was yelling (29) and verbal arguments (21). The most common form of emotional violence was the husband's interference in the relationship between the wife and her family members (18), the husband's dominance and the expectation of the wife's obedience (17). The most common form of financial violence was reluctantly paying alimony to the wife (12) and also the husband making financial decisions without asking the wife’s opinion (10). The most common form of physical violence was pushing (11.5), slapping (9) and throwing objects (9). According to logistic regression analysis, husband's age at marriage was the only predictive factor of domestic violence against women (Exp β =0/925, CI0/95 Expβ=0/86-0/99, Sig= 0/0025).

Considering the high prevalence of domestic violence against women, especially verbal and emotional violence, teaching life skills, especially communication skills in marital life, is necessary in premarital counseling.

 Tennis elbow disease is one of the most common diseases that cause pain in the elbow joint, the prevalence of which is 1-2% before the age of 40, and it increases 4 times in men and 2 times in women in people over 40 years old. Dentists are a group that are more susceptible to this disease due to frequent physical activities, therefore the purpose of the present study was to determine and investigate the level of knowledge, attitude and performance (KAP) of dentists in Shiraz regarding tennis elbow disease.

The present cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2018. The statistical population included 51 dentists with a clinical experience of at least three years in Shiraz. Participants without direct clinical activity and people with related underlying diseases were excluded from the study. The data collecting instrument was a questionnaire and the final questionnaire was divided into five sections; Personal information, medical information, knowledge survey, attitude survey and performance survey were designed. The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance, correlation coefficient and multivariate regression tests.

In the studied population, 9.8% of people exhibited symptoms which indicate dtennis elbow disease. On average, the examined dentists were diagnosed with tennis elbow disease 0.13 times in during the previous year. The average score of the ad in the community was 34.9 points out of 100, the average attitude score was 73.1 and the average performance score was 64.1. According to statistical tests, the scores obtained from these three factors were significantly related (p≥0.05).

Despite the acceptable level of knowledge, attitude and performance, the results indicated that there was a significant relationship between age, work history and exposure to joint diseases and disability resulting from tennis elbow disease with the score of knowledge, attitude and performance, which was common to stay away from the learning environment with age. It is suggested to raise the level of knowledge, attitude and performance by health policy makers by passing academic units and holding formal trainings in these areas.

Chronic myeloid leukemia or CML is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder with abnormal Philadelphia chromosome cytogenetic index. One of the important signaling pathways in the process of proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells and disease pathogenesis is β-TGF, the dysregulation of the expression of its components, such as the SMAD family, plays a significant role in regulating tumor growth and cancer development. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and investigate the expression of SMAD3 and SMAD4 genes in patients with CML and K562 cell line.

the present descriptive case-control study was conducted in 2020 at the Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch. The statistical population of the research included 80 people who referred to the link and were divided into two groups; 40 patients with CML were selected as the case group and 40 healthy individuals as controls, matched in terms of age and sex, and K562 cell line. The expression levels of SMAD3 and SMAD4 genes were measured by Real Time PCR and cDNA synthesis, and the collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA T-test.

The SMAD3 gene was significantly decreased in CML patients and this was as well observed in the K562 cell line (p<0.0001) and the level of SMAD4 gene expression in the patients and the K562 cell line did not display any significant relationship with the disease (p<0.0001). 0.001) P values less than 0.05 were considered.

According to the results of the present study, the expression of some genes in the signaling pathways can play an effective role in the development of disease or drug resistance. The decrease in SMAD3 expression in CML can indicate the relationship between the disease and the disorder in gene expression.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the common cardiovascular diseases caused by the formation of clots in deep veins. The aim of this study was to determine the relative frequency of the risk factors of lower limb deep vein thrombosis in patients referred to teaching hospitals of Yasuj, Iran, from 2013 to 2014.

The present retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2020. The participants of  study included 277 cases of DVT patients hospitalized in teaching hospitals of Yasuj, Iran. Furthermore, patients' characteristics such as age, sex, heart disease, kidney disease, smoking, congenital coagulation problems, history of DVT, use of oral contraceptives (OCP), history of cancer, limb fracture without surgery, diabetes, liver disease, blood pressure, use of catheter and length of stay in ICU were collected using a checklist. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software and chi-square test.

The results of the present study indicated that 50.9% of DVT patients were women and 49.1% were men, and no statistically significant difference were observed between the two groups. The distribution of the frequency of people with DVT according to age group revealed that among the age groups of referring patients, the age range of above 50 years and the age range between 40 to 50 had the highest frequency, respectively. The frequency distribution of patients with DVT according to heart disease indicated that 13% of patients with DVT showed heart disease and 87% did not indicate heart disease. Out of a total of 277 patients studied, 7.9% had kidney problems and 92.1% had no sign of kidney problems. Furthermore, 40.8% of patients indicated high blood pressure and 59.2% did not show high blood pressure.

The results of the present study revealed that among the risk factors for the occurrence of DVT of the lower limbs, a history of heart disease, old age, kidney problems and blood pressure in the studied patients were indicators. On the other hand, other risk factors examined in the present study were trivial and and were not observed in the participants of the present study.